降水、灌溉和品种对玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响

8年田间试验结果表明,玉米产量明显受降水和灌溉的影响。玉米苗期灌溉最为关键,是保证高产的基础。在只灌溉苗水而没有其他灌溉条件下,夏玉米产量与7、8月份降水密切相关,而与生长季节的降水总量关系不明显。除了极干旱年份(季节降雨量小于200 mm)外,随着灌溉量增加,玉米水分利用效率(WUE)降低。玉米最优灌溉制度为:干旱年份,除了苗期的1次灌溉外,在拔节和扬花期分别实施2次灌溉;常年和湿润年份,除了出苗水外,在抽穗到扬花期的8月初实施1次灌溉。3年的田间试验结果表明,当地种植的不同玉米品种之间产量最大相差20%,水分利用效率差异在12%~19%。因此,将适宜的品种与优化的灌溉制度相结合,是提高华北平原夏玉米产量和水分利用效率的有效途径。     

棉花铃重AFLP标记的初步研究

本文以陆地棉铃重近等基因系为材料(大铃≥5.4g,小铃≤1.7g),构建大小铃两个近等基因池.利用AFLP标记技术对两基因池进行分析,64对引物组合共产生3840条稳定、清晰扩增带.五条扩增带在两基因池间呈现多态性,其中四条差异带出现在大铃基因池,编号分别为LB-1、LB-2、LB-3和LB-4;一条出现在小铃基因池,编号为SB-1.模板浓度梯度分析表明,在一定范围内,酶切模板浓度对AFLP结果影响较小.利用稍作修改的CTAB法提取的棉花DNA可用于AFLP分析.     

伊犁马体尺年龄对其竞赛性能影响的研究

对伊梨马体尺、年龄与不同赛程成绩关系的研究表明:体高对各赛程影响极显著(P<0.01),但随赛程增长,影响逐渐减弱;胸围和管 围对各赛程影响显著(P<0.05);年龄对长赛程影响显著(P<0.05)。     

Change of reactive oxygen species production in co-culture model of rat astrocytes and motor neurons VSC 4.1

AIM: To explore the mutual effect of co-culture of wild-type astrocytes (ASC) and motor neurons VSC4.1 (VSC) on the respective ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). METHODS: The inhibition rates of cell growth in ASC and VSC in co-culture or independent culture was detected after exposed to excitatory stimulus by MTT method. Real-time observation of ROS production by ASC and VSC labeled with Hoechst 33342 was detected by confocal microscopy under the conditions of co-culture or independent culture. RESULTS: Higher concentration of glutamate induced a higher inhibition rate in mixed cell growth than that in ASC alone, while lower concentration of glutamate induced a higher inhibition rate in mixed cell growth than that in VSC only. Real-time observation by confocal microscopy showed that ROS production by VSC under the condition of co-culture, which showed a notable increase at 15 min, was significant less than that in independent culture, which peaked at 5 min and was gradually decreased. ROS production by ASC in co-culture began to increase significantly at 10 min. CONCLUSION: Compared to independent culture, ASC reduces the resting ROS production by co-cultured with VSC, while ASC prolongs the duration of ROS production by VSC after exposed to excitatory stimulus.     

Effects of diabetes on the development of heart failure in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model with acute myocardial infarction

AIM: To evaluate the time course and effect of diabetes on the development of heart failure (HF) in poorly controlled streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic rat model for 70 d with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in vivo. METHODS: All SD rats were randomized into four groups. Diabetes were induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg), and 70 d later after the induction, AMI models were made with the ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. The time course of diabetic effects on the development of heart failure in rats before and after AMI was observed. The survival rate of the rats and ultrastructure change of myocardium, the hemodynamics, the extent of the myocardial fibrosis, and the cardiac hypertrophy were also determined. RESULTS: After the ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery, the diabetic rats showed worse LV function and accelerated left ventricular (LV) remodeling compared with the non-diabetic ones. Myocardial fibrosis in both diabetic and non-diabetic rats subjected to AMI was similar in the early phase, while it was quite different after 1 month. CONCLUSION: Heart failure progression is accelerated in diabetic rat with AMI.     

高校信息化建设和管理模式的探讨

本文针对高校信息化建设和管理中存在的问题以及笔者在高校信息化建设和管理中的亲身感受,在认真思考的基础上,提出了建设和管理统一化的设想.     

不同前处理对测定甜高粱茎秆汁液3种糖含量的影响

茎秆含糖量是甜高粱（Sorghum dochna）重要的农艺性状,其可溶性糖的组分与含量的测定,是甜高粱QTL定位和性状改良的前提。本研究以粒用高粱的‘忻粱52’与甜高粱‘W452’重组自交系F8代255个群体为材料,采用改良蒽酮比色法来测定蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖含量。结果表明：可溶性总糖的最佳显色时间为10 min,显色温度为100℃;测定蔗糖的最佳处理条件为1 mol·L^-1的KOH溶液处理10 min;果糖测定的最佳显色温度为50℃,显色时间为3 min。优化过后的蒽酮比色法能测得较稳定的数值,精密度和稳定性较好,可用于测定甜高粱汁液的糖含量。重组自交系后代糖锤度与可溶性糖总量之间呈极显著正相关关系（P <0.01）,相关系数为0.885,线性回归方程为y=37.082×可溶性糖总量+3.990。     

甘南高寒牧区甘农2号小黑麦与箭筈豌豆的混播效果

通过研究甘农2号小黑麦(×Triticosecale W i t t m a c k'G a n n o n g N o.2')与3种箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)的最佳混播组分和混播比例,采取裂区设计,主区为混播组分,副区为混播比例.试验测定了3个箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)品种绿箭1号('Lvjian No.1')、绿箭2号('Lvjian No.2')、绿箭431('Lvjian 431')与甘农2号小黑麦在不同混播比例(0?100、20?80、30?70、40?60、50?50、60?40、70?30、80?20、100?0)下的生产性能和营养价值.结果表明,混播组分间,绿箭431和甘农2号小黑麦混播时的干草产量较高,营养价值较好,综合评价值最高(0.9416);混播比例间,50?50混播处理混播效果最佳.交互作用表明,绿箭431和甘农2号小黑麦以50?50的比例混播时干草产量最高(11.15 t·hm?2),粗蛋白含量为13.25％,营养适中,综合评价值最高(0.8321),混播效果最好.本研究为甘南高寒牧区禾–豆混播草的科学建植和管理,抗灾保畜、提升草地生产力和生态保障能力提供理论依据.